Investment Summary
Even though investors may have to suffer thru several more quarters of losses, we think that Phoenix Technologies (PTEC), the leading supplier of BIOS software for PC’s, is an attractive turnaround investment opportunity at current prices. (Note: The price of PTEC’s stock was $4.55 as of this writing).
Over the next two years the shares could begin to rebound sharply as the company starts showing dramatic financial improvements and investors begin to price in new growth opportunities for the business. Specifically, the hiring of a new group of proven technology turnaround executives coupled with the release of Microsoft’s Vista operating system in 2007, have enhanced the company’s future prospects.
At the same time, we also do not see much long-term downside risk for PTEC’s stock at current valuation levels, even assuming that our positive scenarios for the business do not pan out over the next two years. The company’s strong financial position and leadership in the stable BIOS business eliminate any terminal risk for the company and increase the odds of an eventual takeover should current turnaround efforts fail.
The People
In September 2006, Phoenix hired Woody Hobbs as new CEO. Mr. Hobbs was the former CEO of Intellisync which was sold to Nokia in late 2005 for over $400 million. During Mr. Hobbs 5-year tenure, Intellisynch’s revenue more than tripled and the stock rose by over 500%. Prior to Intellisynch, Mr. Hobbs served as the chief information officer of Charles Schwab. He received 900,000 shares of PTEC stock at $5.05 at the time of his hiring. We expect that in mid-2007, Mr. Hobbs will begin to unveil several aggressive growth strategies, which could attract renewed investor attention to the company.
In addition to Mr. Hobbs, PTEC has also recently hired two other well-known technology executives. Dr. Gaurav Banga, the former VP of Product Development of Intellisync and the creator of VeriChat, was hired as the new chief technology officer of PTEC. Richard Arnold, another high-level executive at Intellisync, and the former CFO of Charles Schwab, was hired as the VP of Strategy at PTEC. Mr. Arnold received options on 600,000 Shares at $4.45. Mr. Banga received options on 275,000 shares at $4.51 per share.
Finally, aside for these executives PTEC has a highly active base of institutional investors who have been pressing for corporate change for quite some time and have bought into the stock at much higher prices. Chief among the activist investors is Ramius Capital, which recently actually offered to buy 90% of Phoenix for $5.05 per share. We encourage you to read thru Ramius’s initial 13-D filing for a decent summary of the investment thesis for PTEC’s shares. You can access the filing here:
http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/832767/000092189506001435/sc13d06297pho_06052006.htm
The Business
Basic Statistics
As of 9/30/2006 Phoenix has about 26 million shares outstanding, $60 million in cash, and no debt. We estimate that, in a worst case scenario, the company could burn thru $20 million in more cash before returning to profitability in late 2007. We also estimate a core, sales run rate of about $40 million per year with gross margins approaching 80%.
Background
Phoenix was founded in 1979. The company is the leading provider of BIOS software for digital devices based on the x.86 microprocessor architecture.
What is BIOS? From Webopida: “BIOS is Acronym for basic input/output system, the built-in software that determines what a computer can do without accessing programs from a disk. On PCs, the BIOS contains all the code required to control the keyboard, display screen, disk drives, serial communications, and a number of miscellaneous functions. The PC BIOS is fairly standardized, so all PCs are similar at this level.”
In plain English, the BIOS makes software that loads a computer’s operating system when it is turned on. It provides a critical link between hardware platforms and operating systems. In case you may not have noticed, when you turn on your PC, you will see something related to the BIOS flash across your screen before Windows is loaded. In most cases, the BIOS software that is loaded on your PC comes from PTEC.
PTEC’s customers include major computer manufacturers such as Dell, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd., Lenovo Group Ltd. (which acquired IBM Corp.’s personal computer division last year), Sony Corp., and Hewlett-Packard Co.
Comments
We like PTEC’s business for three primary reasons:
• Solid Brand, Operating History, and Customer Base
While not a well-known consumer brand, Phoenix Technology is one of the best known software brands in the PC industry. The company’s software has been a core component of computing systems for over 20 years. The company’s customer base is a who’s who of the consumer computer world.
• Stable Business Outlook that is Defensible
Though the company has failed in the past to build additional growth businesses upon its dominant BIOS position, it is clear that the company has a solid business foundation that cannot be easily replicated and which should provide stable revenues for quite a long time, i.e. as long as x86 computing devices are used. In addition, it is highly unlikely that the technology surrounding BIOS will change much in the company years, preventing any technological obsolescence for PTEC’s core product. This highly defensible core BIOS business provides solid downside business protection for investors in PTEC’s stock.
• High Gross Margins
PTEC, like Microsoft, essentially licenses its core BIOS software to PC manufacturers for a share of revenue on every PC that is sold. This is a business with 80%+ gross margin potential. Without much in R&D or marketing expenses, the BIOS software business is essentially a cash cow, if managed properly.
What Went Wrong Here?
Despite establishing a dominant position in one of the most important software components in the PC market, management incompetence prevented PTEC from ever fully capitalizing on this unique position. Specifically, management attempted to diversify into enterprise software application businesses that leveraged next to nothing from the company’s dominant BIOS business. As is usually the case in business, this diversification outside of their core business was unsuccessful and led to bloated corporate overhead and significant losses.
In addition to a failed diversification strategy, management also severely damaged the attractiveness of the BIOS business by implementing fully paid-up license pricing policies for the BIOS software, instead of using the royalty-based license model, wherein the company gets paid for the use of BIOS on every single PC. The paid-up licensing model severely undermined the perceived value of the company’s products, limited revenue predictability, and put pressure on average selling prices.
What Has Changed?
Under the leadership of new CEO, Woody Hobbs, PTEC has quickly exited from several of the unprofitable enterprise software businesses and thereby reduced headcount by over 15%. In addition, the company has decided to fully eliminate the use of fully paid up licenses in the BIOS business in favor of royalty-based pricing model. Finally, Microsoft’s delayed launch of the Vista operating system has caused a slow down with PC makers which has negatively impacted PTEC’s top line. However, with the launch of Vista expected in early 2007, PTEC should see a significant increase in revenues as PC makers are forced to order new BIOS software to be installed on the new Vista systems. These new BIOS “upgrades” will also allow PTEC to renegotiate unfavorable terms of past license deals and move towards a complete royalty-based model.
Risk Analysis
Phoenix faces several major risks on a go-forward basis:
• Continued Losses
The company will report significant losses for at least the next two quarters before revenues can increase enough to cover fixed overhead costs. In addition, though Mr. Hobbs was quite successful in fixing up Intellisync for a sale to Nokia, our research suggests that he never really steered the company to profitability. So it is conceivable that he has no intention of driving PTEC to profitability either. It’s possible he just wants to significantly increase the top-line without worrying much about profits. This is a risky strategy which will only pay out for investors in the event the company is sold and/or is hyped to other investors. Mr. Hobbs clearly has the skills to accomplish these two objectives, but betting on the “greater fool” is at times a risky proposition.
• Acquisition Activity Could Backfire
A key component of Mr. Hobbs strategy at Intellisync was aggressive acquisition activity. We expect he will pursue the same strategy for Phoenix. Acquisitions are always a risky endeavor.
• Dependence on Slow Growth PC Industry
Phoenix’s core BIOS revenue is primarily dependent on sales of PC’s. As is well-known, the PC market is no longer the growth industry it once was. As such, despite the fact that the BIOS business is stable and very profitable as a standalone operation, one cannot expect major growth from BIOS software going forward.
• New BIOS Licensing Model Could Backfire
As Phoenix moves towards the new royalty-based licensing model for BIOS software and seeks to renegotiate deals with customers, it’s possible that customers will balk at the new pricing model. In such a case, it is conceivable that Phoenix will lose business to competitors, who may offer more favorable pricing for BIOS software.
Importantly, even though the above risks seem daunting, the truth is that they mainly relate to execution risk going forward and are already reflected in the company’s current valuation. We do not think any of these risks would cause a major problem for the company as we still think the company would in the worst case have a stable base of $40 million in revenue for quite some time from the BIOS business. With 80% gross margins, this business would be very profitable.
Return Analysis
Since we are more focused on risk than return, we’ll keep the upside/hype scenario short. Basically, the company has just started implementing a major restructuring effort that will significantly reduce overhead costs on a go-forward basis. At the same time, the company’s top-line prospects appear to have improved given the move towards royalty-based licensing and the upcoming release of Microsoft’s Vista operating system in 2007. Plus there is a new management team that has proven experience in growing the top-line for small technology companies.
All in all, management is assuming a $15 million expense base here, and is therefore implying the potential for at minimum a $60 million+ revenue base over the coming few years. That would be about 50% higher than current base revenue levels suggest, implying pretty significant top-line growth. Notably, Hobbs tripled Intellisync’s revenue, and so it seems that he can do the same with Phoenix, especially considering that Phoenix actually had $80 million+ in annual revenue for much of the late 90’s and into 2000.
Valuation: Downside and Upside Scenarios
We think that in a worst case, a company with a dominant position in BIOS, selling software at 80% gross margins should be worth 2X base revenue + cash (2X Enterprise Value/Revenue). In the case of PTEC, assuming $40 million in cash, and $40 million in base revenue, that implies a worst case value of $120 million or about $4.60 per share, right about where the stock is currently trading.
On the upside, if new management can reinvigorate the company and get it back to more normalized revenue levels of $60 million, it’s conceivable that the company would be valued at 3X Enterprise Value. That would imply a valuation of $220 million or about $8.50 per share.
Giving each scenario 50% odds implies an expected value of about $6.50 per share, implying 45% appreciation potential in the shares.